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Epidemie 1918/19, ein modell zum Verständnis von H5N1?
Beschreibung der Untersuchungen am 1918/19 Virus, das damals bevorzugt junge, gesunde Menschen befiel und immungeschwächte verschonte,und die Schlussfolgerungen
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/influenza/sfeature/latest.html
Über die Interaktion und Reservoirbildung der Viruspopulationen:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/influenza/sfeature/trackers.html
Interview mit J. Taubenberger, Canada, über die molekulare Entschlüsselung des Virus:
http://www.ninthday.com/tauben.htm
Ist die Einstallung doch eine sinnvolle Maßnahme? Computermodelle, Epidemiologisch orientierte Stragetien
http://www.seattleweekly.com/features/0530/050727_news_flu.php
http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/002268.html
Auch inzureichende Gegenmaßnahmen können sinnvoll sein:
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1115717v1
Beschreibung der Untersuchungen am 1918/19 Virus, das damals bevorzugt junge, gesunde Menschen befiel und immungeschwächte verschonte,und die Schlussfolgerungen
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/influenza/sfeature/latest.html
Reid's report indicates that the 1918 virus apparently evolved in mammals, either humans or pigs, over a period of years before it matured into a virus strong enough to kill millions. The study speculates that the virus may have percolated in humans from as early as 1900.
Über die Interaktion und Reservoirbildung der Viruspopulationen:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/influenza/sfeature/trackers.html
Generally, birds, pigs, and humans are the principle players in a viral chain reaction that determines how serious an influenza outbreak is going to be. As viruses are exchanged between various members of various species, subtle changes to the viruses' genetic material can occur. Usually such mutations are minor, resulting in a process called antigen drift. Even minor changes in the virus's make-up, however, mean that new vaccines must be developed to combat it. When significant mutations occur antigen shift results. An example of antigen shift is seen when a flu virus from a bird and a flu virus from a human combine inside a pig and result in a new, virulent strain. Scientists speculate that such a scenario sets the scene for pandemics such as those of 1957 (the Asian flu, which killed 70,000 Americans) and 1968 (the Hong Kong flu, which resulted in the deaths of 28,000 Americans) and point out that incidents of antigen shift resulting in pandemics occur roughly every 30 years. By that calculation, an influenza pandemic could be expected in the near future.
Interview mit J. Taubenberger, Canada, über die molekulare Entschlüsselung des Virus:
http://www.ninthday.com/tauben.htm
"We are going to generate the complete gene sequences of several more 1918 flu genes, including neuraminidase, nucleoprotein, matrix and nonstructural genes. This will help us get a handle on the two big issues: Where did it come from? and, Why was it lethal?
Did it come directly from birds to humans as in Hong Kong in 1997, or did it go through an intermediary like swine? The hemagglutinin sequence already begins to shed light on these questions, but each gene needs to be examined to see the complete picture emerge. Unfortunately, this will take a long time, several years at least."
Ist die Einstallung doch eine sinnvolle Maßnahme? Computermodelle, Epidemiologisch orientierte Stragetien
http://www.seattleweekly.com/features/0530/050727_news_flu.php
http://www.worldchanging.com/archives/002268.html
Auch inzureichende Gegenmaßnahmen können sinnvoll sein:
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1115717v1
This does not mean that insufficient efforts have insufficient results, however. As the article in Nature notes, "even an unsuccessful containment strategy can delay widescale spread by a month or more—a potentially critical window of opportunity for accelerating vaccine production." The goal isn't simply to stop the spread in order to let the virus burn itself out in the infected population, but to allow the medical research teams enough time to develop a treatment that can prevent a pandemic and prevent further disease in the infected areas.
Is the H5N1 virus airborne? http://www.fluwikie.com/index.php?n=Science.EarlyHistoryOfH5N1The only real way to slow down an epidemic is to reduce the number of contacts between sick people and well people. And since people with flu are infectious for a day or more before they know that they're sick, the best way to reduce contact is to prevent it altogether. In 1918, Seattle Mayor Ole Hanson was credited with keeping the city's disease and death tolls far below San Francisco's simply by shuttering schools, theaters, and other public places. He was persuaded to leave restaurants and shops open, but he was widely vilified by fellow public officials and business leaders for closing the other places and left the city soon after.